Impact of the Currency Crisis on Mangrove Degradation in the Gulf of Bone, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

The Gulf of Bone is an estuary in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, located 300 km northeast of Makassar. The coast of 206 km in length, and mangrove vegetation grows in varying widths and canopy densities. An analysis using 1995 Landsat imagery showed that the potential mangrove area along the coast was 13,000 hectares. However, the analysis results based on multi-temporal satellite imageries show that in 2021 the mangrove area remained at only 6,400 hectares. The decrease in the mangrove area was very drastic from 1995 to 2000, but the mangrove area was stable in the following years.

This paper is a desk study analyzing the mangrove changes around the Gulf of Bone, South Sulawesi using multi-temporal Landsat imageries acquired from 1995 to 2021 and supported by several related literature and articles. The research results show that mangrove degradation is closely related to a declining country's economic conditions due to the monetary crisis.