Research advance of numerical simulation methods for sand production prediction of unconsolidated sandstone

With the rapid development of global economy, the demand for oil and gas resources keeps rising, unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs occupy a very important position in China’s oil and gas resources (Wang et al., 2010) (Zhang, 2021) (Yan et al., 2021). In the process of drilling and producing oil in unconsolidated sandstone reservoir, the stress and pore pressure around the oil production cavity will be redistributed, which will cause serious problems such as sand production in the production stage (Wang et al., 2022). Sand production not only damages borehole integrity, but also leads to reduced oil and gas production, equipment corrosion and impact on production safety during production (Ahad et al., 2020) (Song et al., 2021). Due to the existence of the above negative effects, the exploitation cost of unconsolidated sandstone reservoir is further improved, so it is particularly important to conduct reliable sand production prediction research (Shabdirova et al., 2019) (Zivar et al., 2019).