Epidemiological, Diagnosis, Therapeutic and Evolving Profile of Triple Negative Breast Cancer in Senegal

Objective: Describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of triple negative breast cancer at the Dakar Cancer Institute in Senegal. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014. All patients with a triple negative molecular profile were included. The data were collected from the medical records of the patients. The data were entered and analyzed with SPSS edition 16 software under Windows 7. Results: Two hundred and twenty-five patients were selected. The mean age was 47.9 ± 12.5 years with extremes of 25 and 90 years. The main reason for consultation was dominated by the finding of a breast lump. The mean clinical tumor size was 8, 54 cm with a large majority of T3-T4 tumors 26% and 63% respectively, lymph node involvement in one hundred and seventy-two cases (76.4%); twenty eight patients (12.4%) were metastatic from the outset. Non-specific invasive carcinoma was the most common histologic type (78.2%), and more than half of the patients (53.3%) had an aggressive tumor (Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading III). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 65.78% of cases. We noted 27.7% total response and 41.7% partial response in patients who have received this neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The surgery was radical in 77% of cases, conservative in 14% and cleanliness surgery for palliative purposes in 9% of cases. Adjuvant radiotherapy is performed in 58.6% of operated patients. The mean time to follow-up was 20.63 months with extremes of 1 and 53 months. Overall survival was 69.8% at one year, 41.6% at two years and 25.6% at three years. Conclusion: The descriptive analysis of these results confirms the high frequency of triple-negative breast cancer in Senegal and its poor prognosis.