CHANGING THE QUALITY OF GRACE MALTING BARLEY SEEDS FROM FERTILIZERS AND SEEDING RATES

In the Republic of Mordovia, barley occupies a leading place among grain crops. It is cultivated for food, feed and technical purposes. It is the main raw material for the local brewery. For modern technologies for the cultivation of malting barley, it is very important to know how mineral fertilizers and seeding rates affect the quality of seeds of each variety cultivated for brewing purposes. The technological process of brewing beer and its quality depend on their features. Therefore, our research was devoted to the study of this issue for the brewing grade "Grace".

The purpose of the research is the scientific substantiation of obtaining high-quality seeds of malting barley through the use of mineral fertilizers and seeding rates under conditions of Mordovia Republic. Research objectives are to study the change of 1,000 seeds weight, their uniformity and grain unit from mineral nutrition and nutritional area; to establish the change in germination energy and seed germination from the studied factors. Scientific novelty: taking into account the agroclimatic resources of the southeast of the forest-steppe of the Non-Black Earth Region and biological characteristics, methods for realizing the productive potential and improving the technological properties of Grace malting barley have been developed. The features of the formation of the weight of 1000 seeds, uniformity, grain unit, sowing qualities, depending on agricultural practices are shown. Correlation relationships were established between foliage and the weight of 1,000 seeds, the number of productive stems, photosynthetic potential and grain unit, between grain unit and uniformity, grain yield, biometric parameters and seed germination. It was found that the weight of 1,000 seeds prevailed when applying N60P60K60 and a seeding rate of 3.5 million seeds per hectare (53.5 g); the grain uniformity had an advantage, compared with the control plot, with N30Р30К30 applying and seeding rate 3.5, 4.5 and 5.0 million seeds/ha; the largest grain unit was noted with N30Р30К30 fertilizer and seeding rate of 4.5, 5.0 and 5.5 million seeds/ha (775,3; 756,0; 768,3 g.); the seed germination energy was better manifested without fertilizers applying, at a seeding rate of 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 and 5.5 million seeds/ha (84,7 – 86,8 g.), as well as with the application of N30P30K30 and N60P60K60 and a seeding rate of 4.0 million seeds/ha (85,1– 84,4 g.); maximum seed germination (87.7 5%) was noted with natural soil fertility and a seeding rate of 5.5 million seeds/ha.