Assessment of Physicochemical Quality of Groundwater in Haryana, India

Water an important natural resource is a prime requirement for human, plants, animals, and industries. A nation’s economic growth depends on its industrial growth which directly or indirectly depends upon quality of water. Water quality is determined by physicochemical parameters such as total hardness, calcium, magnesium, total alkalinity, carbonate, bicarbonate, dissolved oxygen, and electrical conductivity, all of which should be investigated. Water hardness and dissolved oxygen content varies depending on the source, treatment procedure as well as on pipeline condition. The use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture has led to deterioration of groundwater quality. 1/3 of world population depends upon ground water for its daily need as it is a replenishable source. In this study, the quality of groundwater and municipal water for drinking purposes in the villages of Ambala District (Haryana) was assessed. Ground water and municipal water samples were obtained from various villages in the Ambala District of Haryana, and their physicochemical parameters were studied. The quality of groundwater was assessed by analyzing physiochemical parameters and comparing them to the standard desirable limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). According to the data available from study of various water resources total dissolved solids, total hardness, and magnesium all exceed the maximum acceptable and maximum permitted ranges for drinking purposes and it is recommended that water should be treated well before human consumption to avoid the ill effects of it on human health.