The Usefulness of Colchicine in the Prevention of Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) it is an important complication of diagnostic and interventional procedures in cardiology. This work aimed to to investigate the preventive role of colchicine on CI-AKI in patients undergoing elective PCI considering to its anti-inflammatory and renoprotective effects.

Methods: This study was conducted on 400 patients who were admitted for elective PCI, and was carried out in CCU in Cardiology Department, Benha university hospital and National Heart Institute. The patients were equally divided into two equal groups: Group 1 (Case group): received colchicine plus standard anti ischemic treatment and croup 2 (Control group): received placebo plus standard anti ischemic treatment. All patients were subjected to standard 12-lead ECG, laboratory investigations encompassing kidney function tests 24 hours before the procedure and 48 hours after, random blood sugar, coagulation profile, liver function tests. and serum electrolytes and transthoracic echocardiography.

Results: There was a significant positive correlation between Serum creatinine and diabetes mellitus (r=0.245, P=0.001) and eGFR (r= 0.174, P<0.001). The multivariate regression analysis revealed that age, Colchicine use, diabetes mellitus, post CAG creatinine and post CAG eGFR, were the only significant predictors of incidence of CI-AKI.

Conclusions: Colchicine, when administered in conjunction with standard anti-ischemic treatment in patients undergoing elective PCI, significantly reduces the incidence of CI-AKI. The reduction in CI-AKI incidence not only has implications for patient outcomes but also reveals an important strategy in optimizing renal protection during PCI.